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目前停放制动夹钳单元在轨道交通车辆应用广泛，对行车安全及车辆可靠停放至关重要，随着我国轨道交通车辆载重及速度的提升，停放制动夹钳单元朝着轻量化、智能化、紧凑型的方向发展，这导致在用的停放制动夹钳单元结构形式多种多样。文章总结了3种不同动力实现方式的停放制动夹钳单元技术，包括手制动式、储能弹簧式和机械锁止式，介绍了其技术特征及应用场景，并详细介绍了应用最广泛的储能弹簧式停放制动夹钳单元，根据制动缸和停放缸的组合方式对其进行了分类，对不同的带停放功能的单元制动缸的结构组成、工作原理、优缺点、应用条件进行了分析。通过以上分析，车辆设计时可根据转向架安装空间、制动夹钳单元安装方式、制动性能、停放力大小等参数进行合理选择不同类型的停放制动夹钳单元。
Abstract：Parking brake caliper units are widely utilized in rail transit vehicles and play a critical role in operational safety and reliable vehicle parking. With increasing payload capacity and operational speeds of rail transit vehicles in China, these units are evolving toward lightweight, intelligent, and compact designs, resulting in diverse structural configurations in service. This article summarizes three types of parking brake caliper units based on their actuation mechanisms: hand braking type, spring-applied type, and mechanical lock type, detailing their technical features and application scenarios. Particular emphasis is placed on the most widely adopted spring-applied parking brake caliper units, which are further classified based on the combiration methods of the brake cylinder and parking cylinder. A comprehensive analysis is presented regarding the structural composition, operational principles, advantages and limitations, and application conditions of different parking brake units. Thus, this systematic exposition enables informed selection of appropriate parking brake caliper types during vehicle design, considering parameters such as bogie installation space, mounting configuration, braking performance, and required parking force.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.20213/j.cnki.tdcl.2026.01.010
中图分类号:U270.35
引用信息:
[1]刁有彬,徐少亭,王震,等.轨道交通车辆停放制动夹钳单元技术特征[J].铁道车辆,2026,64(01):73-79.DOI:10.20213/j.cnki.tdcl.2026.01.010.
2026-02-20
2026-02-20